Some of the dc motors have integral gearboxes gearmotors and some are attached to a variety of gears, belts, pulleys, etc. Introduction the purpose of this experiment is to examine the construction of a dc motor generator, to learn the basic motor wiring connections, and to. Conclusion in this lab experiment the dc motor speed control. Breadboard layout now that we have got the hang of controlling the motor directly, we can let the arduino manage the enable, in1 and in2 pins. This experiment enables the students to explore setpoint angular position control of a link driven by a dc motor.
Though there are separate branches for the flow of armature current and field current. When you build the breadboard, you need to ensure that the ic is the right way around. The motor will turn at half its fullvoltage speed but still supply the same force. Discussion a dc motor generator can run either as a motor or as a generator. Study of nonlinear behavior of dc motor using modeling and simulation nayana p. The idea of a speed control system is to maintain the speed of the motor at the desired value under various condition. Electric energy can be converted into useful work, or mechanical energy, by machines called electric motors. In this section of dc motor projects, i will provide you the list of the tutorials in which i have already controlled the speed of the dc motor using three different software e. Take the motor you have built in the experiment and turn your battery around. To observe the zero initial condition response, set these values to zero. Electrical machines for mechatronics laboratory 9 3 fr sfe 9. To introduce the electromagnetic concepts used in motoring. Dc motor fault zone analysis is a vital part of any dc motor maintenance program.
Steady state characteristics are usually much easier to predict than transient characteristics. Identify the stator windings, cooling fans, end rings, and rated speed and horsepower of the motor. A dc generator is used to provide a dynamic, variable load on the shaft of the dc motor in the dynamometer cradle. The physics of the dc motor the principles of operation of a direct current dc motor are presented based on fundamental concepts from electricity and magnetism contained in any basic physics course. Have these ready to be checked by lab staff at the door on the day of your lab. In virtual labs, experiments are simulated and visualized by means of various software or packet programs having virtual toolboxes or components. In this section of dc motor projects, i will provide you the list of the tutorials in which i have already controlled the speed of the dc motor using. When the wires are connected to a power supply the motor would spin. The dc motor is of vital importance for the industry today and is equally important for engineers to look into the working principle of dc motor in details that we have discussed in this article. The control of motor behavior, or how the thoughts in our brains are translated into actions of our bodies, is one of the most important questions that can be asked by behavioral scientists. This quick and easy experiment illustrates the principles of motoring, basic circuits and electromagnetism. As you already know, there are two electrical elements of a dc motor, the field windings and the armature. There are two common methods for determining a plants transfer function.
Design of lowelectromagneticnoise, vibration, harshness nvh electricalmachines usingfemag and manatee software pierre bonneel emile devillers. A proportionalderivative controller is used to achieve setpoint tracking. Motor dc motor with battery, worlds simplest motor. Steady state is such a form for dc motor characteristics in which it indicates how the motor behaves when any transient effects have died away and conditions have once again become steady. Since they are connected in parallel, the armature and field windings are exposed to the same supply voltage. There are two types of controls which were made in order to control the speed as well as the current. Pdf on aug 1, 2017, sang hun lee and others published experiment research on motor efficiency improvement through the eddy current reduction using segmentation of rotor magnet find, read and.
This is lesson 15 in the learn arduino adafruit series. Classroom homi bhabha centre for science education,tifr. A dc shunt motor also known as a shunt wound dc motor is a type of selfexcited dc motor where the field windings are shunted to or are connected in parallel to the armature winding of the motor. Maksimovic the purpose of this experiment is to become familiar with operating principles, equivalent circuit models, and basic characteristics of a dc machine. Pdf experiment research on motor efficiency improvement. Motor the following instructions are for people who want to build the reed switch motor themselves. The power should be turned off after completing each individual measurement. Dc motor building a dc motor providing motion to an electronic project is a key building block for many electronic designs. Brushed dc motor theory and operation chris joyce, shane skikne, evan simpson, james nee january 8, 2014 abstract this study looked into the e ect of changing the material within the rotor of an electric motor. First consider that our uncompensated motor rotates at 0. Let me know if you want more pdf for your engineering course. Introduction the purpose of this experiment is to examine the construction of a dc motor generator, to learn the basic motor wiring connections, and to study the.
The arduino together with the motor and wheels is called the minseg. Dc motor speed control system the speed control of a motor is frequently required in industrial applications, robotics, home appliances, etc. The principle, the use of a dynamometer to obtain a torquespeed curve, is generally used for many motors. Brake test in one of the most simple way of finding efficiency of any kind of dc machine. We could borrow ideas from that list too apart from using the experiments that we have already designed.
Motor control suppose we wish to use a microprocessor to control a motor or to control the load attached to the motor. We will experiment with an armature controlled dc servo motor, which we approximate will behave as a firstorder system with voltage as the input and angular velocity as the output. Then the control of stepper and induction motor is presented. Then, use those to compute the overall transfer function lab 3. Design of lowelectromagneticnoise, vibration, harshness nvh. The motor is normally part of a lego mindstorms kit. To determine for an induction motor on noload, relationship between a applied voltage and speed, b applied voltage and stator current c applied voltage and power factor d applied voltage and power input brief theory. To understand the basic configuration and operation of a dc motor. Unlike a fixed dc motor, ac motors can switch the direction of rotation. Experiment 9 threephase induction motor with frequency inverter. Tt 0, the transfer function from the applied voltage v a. In the following control panel kp denotes the proportional gain and kd denotes the derivative gain.
Science fair projects with dc motor school science. The purpose of this experiment is to design and implement a closeloop speed control of a dc motor drive. Recall that in lab 3 the transfer function of the motor. Motor property 1 torque is proportional to current question. Another name for a coil or loop of wire inductors oppose the change in current. In this lesson, you will learn how to control both the direction and speed of a small dc motor using an arduino and the l293 motor driver chip. Ece 5570 course website analog lab equipment documentation and tutorials. In an open loop control, the only components in the system. Dc motors the righthand slap rule right hand slap rule.
Introduction to dc motors 1 ee 448 lab experiment no. Adjust the speed of complete dc motor further to get maximum swings in. Dc motor voltagetospeed transfer function estimation by stepresponse and frequency response part 1 4. You will then learn how to interpret the encoder signal, design a controller for the motor, and drive the motor to a setpoint or to follow a predefined profile. A dc shunt motor rotates due to the torque developed in the armature when the armature and field terminals are connected to the dc supply.
To study the methods of controlling the speed of separately excited dc motor. Ee 448 laboratory experiment 4 introduction to dc motors 2 i. Ac motors are often more complex than dc motors, like the simple one you were able to make. This course starts with identification and control of dc motors on a prototyping platform. System analysis page where the systems openloop response is simulated.
It attempts to provide a concise overview of the enitre experiment. Implementing a predictive maintenance program takes a. Write experiment title, your name and student number at top of the page. Electric motors work due to electromagnetic interactions. A schematic representation of an armature controlled dcmotor is given in figure 1. Where the results of the experiments conducted are presented in graphical form, the raw data and the necessary calculations to produce the graphs can be found in the.
Analysing simple electric motors in the classr oom q4. The motor we experiment with is a simple dc motor with two wheels attached. Experiments with spiral and wankel motors, with ted loder, ph. Tes global ltd is registered in england company no 02017289 with its registered office. Dc motor torquespeed curve dc motor characteristics dynamometer, part ii the goal of this exercise is to measure and plot the torquespeed curve for an electric motor. We will use the reading from a rotary encoder attached to the back of the motor as our feedback signal. In experiment 3 and 4, the speed of the dc motor was controlled by using an openloop voltage control. Also studied are the performance and control characteristics of these configurations. That method is to change the terminal voltage of the motor.
Motor electric motor science project, ceramic disk magnets, 15 x 6 millimeters in diameter, a fl at 4. Permanent magnet brushed dc motor 1 objectives and overview the goals for this laboratory experiment are. To obtain the armature voltage vs armature current load curve of the generator. The aim of the experiments with a lowpower dc motor is to show how the motor approaches its steady rotation and how its torque, mechanical power and efficiency depend on the rotation velocity. Record the motor armature voltage use a dmm set on dc voltage. This lab introduces new methods for estimating the transfer function of a plant in our case, the dc motor. To examine the behavior of dc shunt and compound motors under load. I made a couple for the shafts that will bind the 2shafts and fix both the motors on a platform with cushion to reduce vibration.
In shunt dc motors the variable resistance inserted as, field control method on shunt dc motor. Some of the dc motor project ideas are electric lift, electric bell, dc motor powered car, chaff machine, home made fan, electric break, etc. The armature windings are made up of current carrying conductors that terminate at a commutator. This is the complete theory of brake test on dc shunt motor including laboratory manual. We shall use the same dc motor for which the parameters were calculated in the previous experiment. To investigate the motor effect, including the determination of the magnitude of the flux density of the magnetic field producing the motor effect.
Make sure the resistors are large enough so that the current is smaller than 1 milliampere otherwise you might blow a fuse in your ammeter, fry burn out a resistor, or meltdown your power supply. In the july december semester of 2009, we introduced 4 new experiments involving control of dc motor. Field control method on separately excited dc motor. This website and its content is subject to our terms and conditions. Induced voltage opposes applied voltage and limits current. I have attached here seminar report on 3 phase induction motor.
In this experiment it is intended to study the effect of variation of applied voltage on the. Yc college of engineering, nagpur, india principal, gwcet, nagpur, india abstract dc motors have been widely used in the. Webbased technologies support many learning activities in virtual and remote laboratories. We use this method to increase the speed of these motors above the base speed. The signal to the tip120 from the ppi would look something like this for a 50% duty cycle, which is to say its on half of the time. The problem with this method is that when we increase the resistance, the slope becomes steeper. Adams engineering college, paloncha eee department emii lab experiment no. Turn the dc power supply back on and slowly turn the voltage adjustment knob until the motor armature voltage is approximately 15 volts. Power supply module 120vac, 0120vdc ems 8821 dc metering module 200v, 5a ems 8412. The dc motor you made is only able to spin in one direction because its direction is determined by the poles of the permanent magnet. Ted loder, professor emeritus of the university of new hampshire, has been working diligently on the spiral magnetic motor, which is the magnetostatictype that is designed to capitalize on the magnetic gradient. Nov 02, 2016 no load and blocked rotor test on singlephase induction motor 1. November 4, 2016 1 of 21 experiment dc machine dc motors and generators 1800rpm objective this experiment explores all the possible design connections of a dc machine. The purpose of this experiment is to examine the construction of a dc motor generator, to learn the basic motor wiring connections, and to study the performance characteristics of a shunt and series dc motor.
Summary this report details the operation, modelling and characteristics of a threephase induction machine. B coil b permb b perm b perm b coil maximum torque minimum torque circuit interrupted minimum torque no b coil b coil q5. Conclusion in this lab experiment the dc motor speed. Experiments with an electric motor provide good opportunity to demonstrate some basic laws of electricity and magnetism. Dc machines are most commonly used in control and servomechanism, as well as industrial, applications. Examine the construction of the squirrel cage rotor induction motor. Experiment 5 dc motor speed control walter scott, jr. Measurements and mathematical modeling of a dc motor for the. Now the problem is that when the experiment starts, instead of getting an exponential as the motor speeds up i get this weird kind of pulse. You can make any school science experiment mentioned above and demo as your science fair projects. The objectives of this experiment are to investigate the operation of dc generator under load, determine the characteristic ka. In this report, we have implemented a dc motor speed control system.
Working or operating principle of dc motor electrical4u. In this experiment the mechanical characteristics b and j will be determined. Follow step 3 instruction in hardware setup manual. In a brushed dc motor, the coils on the rotor utilize the motor s magnetic eld to. The motor will run at half its normal speed, providing the pulses are fast enough to take advantage of the motor s moving inertia.
Classroom resonance june 2010 563 the motor torque decreases with increasing speed whiletheload torque increases withincreasing speed. Since the most basic requirement of a motor is that it should rotate at the desired speed, we will require that. Motors of all kinds from servo and stepper to hydraulic and pneumatic motors are important fundamentals toward building an electronics education. Measure all the physical parameters of the system used to derive the equations. Experiment 9 threephase induction motor with frequency inverter 0405344. In this lab experiment, the dc motor speed control was studied.
Electric generator using dc motor is a simple science project for school students who are interested in science experiments which can be done at home are classroom or any were. The results shows that industrial dc motor model develop using its physical parameters and controlled with an ai controller give better response, it means it can used as a controller to the real. This paper describes a matlabsimulink realization of the direct current dc. Plot the angular velocity data in matlab and save the data using the. This lab allowed us to further investigate the characteristics of the various dc motor speed control schemes. Visual inspection and electrical testing of the armature and fields give the maintenance personnel an understanding of the condition of the motor. Jun 03, 2016 i made this as a fun project for time pass in college. Electrical machines for mechatronics laboratory 7 4 speed control of series dc motors unlike with the shunt dc motor, there is only one efficient way to change the speed a series dc motor. Free energy generator dc motor with dynamo, diy experiment generator at home 2018. The stator windings in wyeconnection and the shaft should be disconnected from other machines. The objective of this experiment is to investigate the effect of system parameters on system response to a sinusoidal input. If you opened a motor up you would find coils of wire and magnets.
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